" Much of this data-centric history still haunts us today. We live in an era that presumes Big Data to be the solution to all our problems. Courses in “data science” are proliferating in our universities, and jobs for “data scientists” are lucrative in the companies that participate in the “data economy.” But I hope with this book to convince you that data are profoundly dumb. "

― , The Book of Why: The New Science of Cause and Effect