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1 " First of all, let us examine the case of the invertebrates. It is true that all these appear before the vertebrates, but not, however, in the manner imagined by the evolutionistic theory. This supposes that the invertebrates have arisen one from the other, "type by type", class by class, "order by order", by way of intermediary gradations, and forms that are uncertain or unsettled. On the contrary, when they do appear, the invertebrates appear all together - coententerates, worms, mollusks, crustaceans, echinoderms; and we meet in each of these groups farther subdivisions that are definite and distinguishable one from the other. The form of various "types" and minor groups, whenever it appears for the first time, is already as complete and finished as possible. In reality, from past ages till now, none of these types has undergone any important change. "
― Ernesto Ruffini , The Theory of Evolution Judged by Reason and Faith
