" It understood the crisis as a rebuke from Allah
because Muslims had not followed His way. Just as success is a validation of faith, failure is a personal rebuke. Did not Allah promise, “You shall be uppermost if you are believers” (3:139)? The corollary to this must be that, if you are not uppermost, you must not be believers. "

― Robert R. Reilly , The Closing of the Muslim Mind: How Intellectual Suicide Created the Modern Islamist