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" Ground may be classified according to its nature as accessible, entrapping, indecisive, constricted, precipitous, and distant.

Ground which both we and the enemy can traverse with equal ease is called accessible. In such ground, he who first takes high sunny positions convenient to his supply routes can fight advantageously.

Ground easy to get out of but difficult to return to is entrapping. The nature of this ground is such that if the enemy is unprepared and you sally out you may defeat him. If the enemy is prepared and you go out and engage, but do not win, it is difficult to return. This is unprofitable.

Ground equally disadvantageous for both the enemy and ourselves to enter is indecisive. The nature of this ground is such that although the enemy holds out a bait I do not go forth but entice him by marching off. When I have drawn out half his force, I can strike him advantageously.

If I first occupy constricted ground I must block the passes and await the enemy. If the enemy first occupies such ground and blocks the defiles I should not follow him; if he does not block them completely I may do so.

In precipitous ground I must take position on the sunny heights and await the enemy. If he first occupies such ground I lure him by marching off; I do not follow him.

When at a distance from an enemy of equal strength it is difficult to provoke battle and unprofitable to engage him in his chosen position.

These are the principles relating to six different types of ground. It is the highest responsibility of the general to inquire into them with the utmost care. "

Sun Tzu , The Art of War


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Sun Tzu quote : Ground may be classified according to its nature as accessible, entrapping, indecisive, constricted, precipitous, and distant.<br /><br />Ground which both we and the enemy can traverse with equal ease is called accessible. In such ground, he who first takes high sunny positions convenient to his supply routes can fight advantageously. <br /><br />Ground easy to get out of but difficult to return to is entrapping. The nature of this ground is such that if the enemy is unprepared and you sally out you may defeat him. If the enemy is prepared and you go out and engage, but do not win, it is difficult to return. This is unprofitable. <br /><br />Ground equally disadvantageous for both the enemy and ourselves to enter is indecisive. The nature of this ground is such that although the enemy holds out a bait I do not go forth but entice him by marching off. When I have drawn out half his force, I can strike him advantageously. <br /><br />If I first occupy constricted ground I must block the passes and await the enemy. If the enemy first occupies such ground and blocks the defiles I should not follow him; if he does not block them completely I may do so. <br /><br />In precipitous ground I must take position on the sunny heights and await the enemy. If he first occupies such ground I lure him by marching off; I do not follow him.<br /><br />When at a distance from an enemy of equal strength it is difficult to provoke battle and unprofitable to engage him in his chosen position. <br /><br />These are the principles relating to six different types of ground. It is the highest responsibility of the general to inquire into them with the utmost care.