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" 1. The nature of freedom. How can we be free and morally responsible for what we do if our future has been settled in God’s mind from all eternity, as both Arminians and Calvinists teach? No one holds that we are morally responsible for events that occurred before we were born, for we have no power to influence the past, and we can’t be morally responsible for events we cannot influence. If God has known from all eternity everything I shall choose to do in the future, however, then the fact that I shall choose something in the future has been settled in God’s mind at every moment in the past. Hence, it seems I have no more power to alter the past-settled fact of what I shall choose than I have to alter any past fact. And it therefore seems I cannot be free to make, or morally responsible for, choices God has eternally known I shall make. For me to be free and morally responsible, the possibility of my choosing otherwise must be real. And since God is omniscient and knows reality exactly as it is, God must know my free future choice as a possibility, not as an eternally settled fact. 2. "

Gregory A. Boyd , Across the Spectrum: Understanding Issues in Evangelical Theology


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Gregory A. Boyd quote : 1. The nature of freedom. How can we be free and morally responsible for what we do if our future has been settled in God’s mind from all eternity, as both Arminians and Calvinists teach? No one holds that we are morally responsible for events that occurred before we were born, for we have no power to influence the past, and we can’t be morally responsible for events we cannot influence. If God has known from all eternity everything I shall choose to do in the future, however, then the fact that I shall choose something in the future has been settled in God’s mind at every moment in the past. Hence, it seems I have no more power to alter the past-settled fact of what I shall choose than I have to alter any past fact. And it therefore seems I cannot be free to make, or morally responsible for, choices God has eternally known I shall make. For me to be free and morally responsible, the possibility of my choosing otherwise must be real. And since God is omniscient and knows reality exactly as it is, God must know my free future choice as a possibility, not as an eternally settled fact. 2.